Amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), a type of foodborne illness, is caused by the consumption of shellfish contaminated with a type of toxin produced by diatoms, a type of algae. The toxin, called domoic acid, can cause neurological damage and memory loss in humans who consume contaminated shellfish.
Symptoms of ASP usually appear within 24 hours of eating contaminated shellfish and can include vomiting, diarrhea, confusion, seizures, and short-term memory loss. In severe cases, ASP can cause permanent brain damage and even death.
ASP is most commonly associated with the consumption of mussels, clams, and other filter-feeding shellfish that contain high levels of domoic acid. To prevent ASP, it is recommended that individuals only consume shellfish from reputable sources and avoid consuming shellfish during harmful algal blooms, which can lead to increased domoic acid levels in shellfish.
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